Process and device for tempering glass



K, N0v.15,1938 Y A QUENNN 2,137,061r

PRocEssAND DEVICE TEMBERING GLASS Filed Fe'b. 23, 195'?A 2 Sheets-Sheet l .Mwmpuewfm `INVEN-rol OMM y Patented Nay. l5., y l t. 'I y Y PROCESS DEVICE"Fon,fTEivllmmo` l i .1.y i .1,1 L .fgvs' Y Ll sltiltitmitin,Etaient,rtaiyi`Y"L I j t t I" p "AppueatitnFebl-uryiaa; 19s'z,.serig1N.1z11,1`44f s v 'u `In.tnzatlyluay .23',19361 y a l v, ,Y v t,

t The inventionjconc'erns faprocessgand the de# out thereby-1 departing I fromk 'thelpresentinvenf' n vicefrelating thereto, l-forgthe tempering of glass" tlon.- A' 'A -f Y. or othermaterials', especially in sheets of any'V Insaiddrawings--lffV thickness, sheetsfof thin g1ass,ffor` preference;r` y1 lg."1*."shows, schematically. vthegzleviceias. a `5 It is based upontheprinciple ofthe sheetsbev-fi wholei'nla front View; i A `Y f 5 ing tempered by means :of air lor other gases Fig.2fshows, separately,.one half of the'oscil- I with absolute immediateness in" respect of their. longitudinalfsection; 1 issue 'from theoven or furnaceandwith` a n'ia'xi-4 V`Fig;- 3'shows-ria plan of 'the said apparatus;

mum admixture ofair'orjother gasvto'be directed Fig. 4'is a cross section online. Ai-.B ofrlig.` 2; `10 in jets against the fprevheatedi-sheetin such a jFig. 5 shows,by itself;on'e"vof.the,crankshafts vapours or mixtures `Ofiluids of any description, latorydevice,l 'in ar front view Sand one. half `in manner as not tofstrikev thesarnepoint offsaid whlchfirripart the translational{rxrovment tothe I sheet, Ventilating same, butjrather {toforrn apparatus;V 5 .l t. through the jet itself antensernbleA of vinte'rloop-` Fig. 6 shows, also. byitself, `oneof'the crank ing movementscomprisedwithin a sort of circle"- lshaftswh'ich irnpartf the rotary motion to' the `115 (Fig. '7)

,i .\apparatus,"andr f-f Y VThe resultof this methodis the improvement, Fig. `'I shows. schematically the motionk takeny L through thefconsiderable increase n'thereoffofall` on byeachslngle nozzle, viz'. bythe Vcentre of the qualities `ofmec'zharli'cal resistance-fflexion, eachfvent` for air or. any fother'fiuid. J

'20 torsion, thrust,` etc.-of 'thefglassthus treated, "r'tefe'rring'` 'to-thedrawings'vandl'particularly -20 even in thecase of fslight thicknesses, fof plain Figure 1, cfdenotes-zthey sheet `arranged in-the and'sta'mped VglassorVsuch as ijs granulatedin furnace-Vaud,supported from'ajcarriagehdi'srelief and characterized b'y thebreaiking up into -po's'ed on a'runway, the carriage vb is lmoved to t minute inoffensiyegranules. f the rightfbyfturning the handle a; the door rf of 25 Essentially, theinvention consists. inythe `e'n'- the furnace being opened'by means of the geari suring, in any manner, that chambers provided ing dan'd e,l.tova1low'the`exitlof the sheet, which: with blasts (or with jaspirators)- when"` once in isjthus--moy'ed' into'positionbetweenthe blowing the .Vicinity of 'thezglassor other materialto'be frames designated Vgl On` reaching-'the correct .'tempeled, Shall bcome endued with movements, position, the carriage b4 closes" an electric contacty l associated infany mannerwithoutanynecessity hQwhich starts4V thefanfrrlotorhil 'throught the 3o for shifting Y. the sheet. kbeing tempered.'y Said relay 112, v ,Y v

blasts must be veryls together. t L I E'metemosto Figuresz toegthe blowing frames Thele iS also ln'rvdd!v .9 Simple1 apparatus VI-"fare carriedon a" frame work Rgwhichvisgiven,v whose office it istoenable the sheettd emerge l`a', `clo'uble 'rotarymovement hereinafter described.v 36 .from the Ovenorflllnace and t0 permit-,th im- The farfisV immediatelyl started, and air, or 35 mediate introduction@ Said Sheehbetweenih other mnd, into-the blast elements, comprising blast-elements whichare wlqiformls?4 distriblted eitner`ca1-ssonsprovidedwithjnozzies facing @aan `cillglfh Sides, With Vnthols that. are 95ml? other orsystems of pipes likewise'rprovided with f 181 t0 ithe'. Sheet 01' diversl-V'fplaed" 91 with" suitable no'zzl's' fciug e'achf'`.other* or further. 40 straight or inclinedslots,01with` a Sir1g1s1 11` apertures -orjslots'tintnded todnect the air or y4o disposednear the outletfrom the Qvrl i`=furnef other gas Hor` mixture;` `against the" surfacesl of But one operationisv-eiected fprlthcpurrios'e fthe sheets.1 fThese" blialstsfrmst.y be` very" closel Aofobtaining the issue `oftheslf1eei .anl the'conl 'togfh'I-ff'j t s veyance thereof to bettiellA the; blatt-elelnnf s -v Thesecais'sons or pipeilementsgproyided, prefand the Startins of the air or Huid set mmQfQn 1er`ab1y, i'n either case; with noztltetsior vent-holes 45 by a'ventilator or compressor or-.aspirator as well are carried byan oscillatory ',ilparatus accordas that of the'oscillatory apparatus. Here, variing toFigs. 2 to 6,'inc1u`s`ive. ous immediately cnselltive operations are also In between the blast elements and the sheet l claimed. there are arranged thin Wires,'preferably steeled, 5o The accompanying drawings show-schematiy adapted toprevent thesheets fromstrikingagainst cally ah example of the device, as la. Whole which lthe nozzles or perforated caissons, as the faces may also differ as to its `mechanical embodiment of the two blast elements are not very far apart. `provided that the action .ofthe'greater part of The two frames supportingthe wires are like-` the elements be simultaneous, or almost so, with-'- wise'shiftable so that they maybe brought closer 55 l "45 ratllS, shown-as an example.v

l and lf of the shafts 4Land is thereby given a n l rotary movement. The framework m, m2 carries at each end, a shaft n', n having; a central crank n, which carries the framework r of the blowing" frames. Each shaft n', n* is rotated4 by the gear wheel o which engages with a pinion l on the 16 shaft l. Thereby a second rotary motion is given to the framework r which is superposed on the rotary motionvgiven to the framework m, m3.- In consequence, every point'of the framework rI-` and the bldwing frames executes a movement of 20 which the path is a hypocycloid. Inthe construction shown Ain the drawings the relation betweenl the periods and amplitudes is such that every point on the framework r describes a continuous line ofmovement forming interlooping 25 ovalflguresthe major axes thereof coinciding with the radii of a circle describing the-movement of the first frame as indicated clearly in Figure 7. This complex movement allows the jet not to strike the sheet at the same point, but' to` 30 cause, instead, a ymovement of air or other fluid, in sucha manner that the interlooping of these jets affords a regular and perfect intermixture of the air intended to be directed against the sheet, or to be aspirated bythe latter. In the 35 figure there is represented the line created by each nozzle, but in point of fact, as the `lines of the neighbouringnozzles interloop at this point, the interlooping is ystill more lintricate. Evidently, similar movementsmot shown here- 40 may be adopted'with'analogous results.

In Fig. 2 it will be seen how the blast elements, preferably constituted `by systems or groups of pipes, may be arranged upon the shafts n andconsequently, above the oscillatory appa- It'should be understood that the drawingsoonrstitute'but a schematic lform of example, given solely'by-wayof a practicalv showing of the invention, it'being rpossiblej for said invention `to 50 vary as 'to itsforrnsuand arrangements without, however, departing from the lscopre of the concept underlying the invention, which may be totally or partially utilized as required, or may be restricted to the double movement of the caisson 5'5 only to the crank for rendering the actions simultaneous. l

'I'his system, serves as already pointed out, more especially for the tempering of thin. sheets, viz. of those .whose `thicknessmeasures less than 3 -or 4 mm.; it may become necessary in respect of' y such sheets. to stretch` same by means of special frames, or by counterweights, etc.

Said sheets may also be stamped or embossed, or, anyway, not be smooth in any other way.

g5 Y 'I'he blast or aspirating elements with nozzles,

`may alsobe endowed with the possibility of movement so as to enable their being moved away from or nearer tothe sheet. This shifting, even when continuous, combined with the other movements of the cooling elements, enables the varying ofthe intensity of the jet of air or other fluid. They contribute, furthermore, to the rapid formation of the outer compressed layers, when the said blast elements are brought very close to as to have the sheets alternatively carried from one of the ovens or'furnaces to the cooler and from this transported by heaving (raising).

j Having now-particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is:

1.The herein described method of tempering glass or other materials, `Ywhiclfrmethod consists in directing jets of cooling medium thereon so that the iets sweep the surface of theglass Aalong predetermined paths, each thereof following a continuous line and forming interlooping oval figures the major axes being the radii of a circle. l2. The herein described method of tempering glass or other materials, which method consists in sweeping the surface of the glass with a series of jets of cooling lmedium along predetermined paths, each thereof following a continuous line beginning ad ending in the same point and forminggan` rality of interlooping oval figures having ,thi \major axes coinciding with the radiinof a cir l3. In an apparatus for tempering glass sheets andthe like,r the combination of a frame, shafts having cranks connected to the frame `and terminating gear wheels at one of their ends and with pinion gears at theiropposite ends', further shafts having cranks and being journalled in the frame at opposite ends thereof, gears atthe same ends of said `further shafts, meshing with the pinion gears Aof the rst shafts, la series of nozzles and a nozzlersupporting frame carried on the cranks of the said furtherjshafts, whereby rotary movement of the first shafts causes the cranks thereof to'impart a circular moveme'nt to the rst fram'e 'and rotary movement of the further shafts imparts to the nozzle carrying frame a circular movement about the axes of the further shafts, said circular movement of 'the nozzle carrying frame being modified by the circular movement of the first frame to cause each of the nozzles to follow a continuous line lof movement forming interlooping oval figures the major axes thereof coinciding with the radii of a' circle-describingthe movement ofthe lfirst frame.

, 4:. An apparatus for tempering glass, as claimed in claim 3,l in which the nozzles are arranged in two series spaced apart and directed towards each other and oppositesurfaces of the glass sheet to be tempered, tand means for suspending the glass sheet and causing the same to be moved into position between the spaced series of nozzles and over the nozzle supporting frame.

y ALBERTO QUENTIN.y 

